在英语学习中，掌握语态是非常重要的一个环节。语态分为两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。通过本篇练习，我们将帮助大家更好地理解和运用被动语态。
一、基础知识回顾
被动语态的基本结构为：“be + 过去分词”。例如：
- 主动句：They built the bridge last year.
- 被动句：The bridge was built by them last year.
注意，在被动语态中，动作的执行者可以用“by”引出。
二、专项练习
1. The book ______ (write) by him last month.
A. writes B. wrote C. was written D. is written
2. A new factory ______ (build) in our city next year.
A. will build B. builds C. will be built D. is built
3. Many trees ______ (plant) every spring in this area.
A. plant B. are planted C. were planted D. have planted
4. This song ______ (sing) many times since I came here.
A. has been sung B. was sung C. sings D. sang
5. The meeting ______ (hold) tomorrow afternoon.
A. holds B. will hold C. will be held D. is held
6. English ______ (speak) as an international language all over the world.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. spoke D. is speaking
7. The letter ______ (send) to you yesterday.
A. sends B. sent C. was sent D. send
8. A lot of money ______ (raise) for charity in the past few years.
A. raises B. raised C. has raised D. has been raised
9. My car ______ (repair) at the garage now.
A. repairs B. is repairing C. is being repaired D. was repaired
10. The house ______ (paint) blue last week.
A. paints B. painted C. was painted D. is painted
三、答案解析
1. C. 根据时间状语“last month”，句子应使用一般过去时的被动语态。
2. C. 时间状语“next year”表明句子应使用一般将来时的被动语态。
3. B. 根据时间状语“every spring”，句子应使用一般现在时的被动语态。
4. A. “since”引导的时间状语从句通常与现在完成时连用，被动语态也需要使用现在完成时。
5. C. 时间状语“tomorrow afternoon”表明句子应使用一般将来时的被动语态。
6. B. 主语“English”是第三人称单数，且需要表达被动意义。
7. C. 时间状语“yesterday”表明句子应使用一般过去时的被动语态。
8. D. “in the past few years”通常与现在完成时连用，被动语态也需要使用现在完成时。
9. C. 根据时间状语“now”，句子应使用现在进行时的被动语态。
10. C. 时间状语“last week”表明句子应使用一般过去时的被动语态。
四、总结
通过以上练习，我们可以看到被动语态的应用范围非常广泛。无论是描述过去的事件、现在的状态，还是未来的计划，被动语态都能很好地表达动作的承受者。希望大家通过这些练习能够更加熟练地掌握被动语态的用法！
